Device for emptying refuse receptacles



FM ATTO RN E Y O. BALLERT DEVICE FOR EMPTYING REFUSE RECEPTACLES FiledApril 2l.

June l19, 1934.

Patented June 19, 1934 UNITED j STATES PATENT OFFICE Fon EMPTYING REFUSEi.

RECEPTACLES A om Baurt,ia`r1in;=germany f Application April Z1, 1932,

rial No. 606,659 l `In vGermany April .11, 1931 1 claims. (Ci. 214-67)My invention relates to a device for emptying refuse receptacles intorefuse-collecting vehicles or refuse-collecting tanks. Devices of thisnature, in which the refuse-receptacles are tipped 5 and emptied bymotor, are already known. Apart from the fact that such contrivances arecomplicated and heavy, and necessitate lengthy transmitting mechanismbetween the motor and the end of the truck. they above all'hav'e thedisadvantage, that with them itis impossible by simple means to lift upand put down again the refuse-containers in a gentle manner. 'On' thecontrary, the violent shocks to which the containers are. subjectedduring the 4emptying A11 these disadvantages are obviated by thevpresent invention, which consists in the refusecontainers being tippedover by means of a hydraulically actuated device, said device being soarranged as to be either fixed to the tippable body ofthe collectingvehicle, or, if the body is immovable, on the oscillatable rearboard ofthe vehicle; and further in the fact of the pressureuid being deliveredby a pipe passed through the axis of the body or through the axis of theoscillatable rearboard. Preferably the pressureuid is supplied by thesame pumpas supplies the pressure-fluid actuating the tilting-device.The device can thereby ybe so arranged, thatonly one motion of therefuse-container isvactuated `r`by the pressure-huid, and the return ofthe "refuse-container effected by means of a spring,

the expelled pressure-fluid thus acting as a brake and preventing a toosudden` slackening of the spring.y A second embodiment of the inventionconsists in both the lifting-up and the returning of therefuse-container being actuated hydraulically. 'Ihe use of thetilting-lever mechanism for moving the refuse-containers is alreadyknown. The present invention embodies an improvement thereon in allowingof the two tiltinglevers to be uncoupled free of each other, thusenabling the refuse-container together with its tilting-levers to beoperated by hand alone, without being dependent upon the arm actuated bythe pressure-huid. f

In the drawing two embodimentsv of the device are showndiagrammatically.

Figs. 1-5 show a hydraulic device in which the return ofthe lowertilting lever is effected by tautened springs.

Figs. 6 and 7 show a purely hydraulic device.

In Figs. 1 to 4 and 6,y the tilting lever is shown in dotted lines in anextreme position to'which it may be moved and in which it is entirelyout of contact with the container support.

In the drawing 1 designates the container resting on a shoulder -2 ofthe container-lifting arm 3, which is provided with two guide-rails 4forming below an open slit. The lifting-arm 3 is fixed pivotally on theshoot 6 fixed on the rear side of-the truck body. 38. In theguide-rails4 run the rollers 7 of the hydraulically operated tiltinglever 8 iixedupon a shaft 9, which is lodged at 10 on the body' 38 of the truck. Onthe one end of the shaft-9 is xed a chain-wheel 11, over which a chain12 runs. The one end of the chain l2 is connected with the piston-rod 13of the hydraulic piston 14 which slides in the hydraulic cylinder 15.The other end of the chain is joined to a I 'od 16, which isconnectedwith an adjustable crosspiece 17.` Between crosspiece 17 andthe xed stop 18 a coil-spring 19 is provided. When the refuse-containeris raised this spring remains in tension throughout' thel whole'lengthof the stroke. On bolt 16 there is provided a furtherspring 20, heldbetween crosspiece 17 and a stop-ring 21. When the motion of the chainceases, after the refuse-container is lifted, this stop-ring abuts uponthe edge of the stop 1`8,`and in case the motion continues, bringsthspring 20 into tension. The purpose rof this spring is to draw back.the refuse-container immediately the hydraulic-pressure ceases, thuscausing the shaking movement which ensures the. complete emptying o fthe truck. The cylinder 15 and stop l 18 are held together by two metalside-sheets 23 so as to forma closed unit. A part of this closed unit isformed also by the guide-rails 24 for the rchain 12. These guide-railsare necessary to prevent the chain from Vjumping the chain wheel 11 whenthe lever 8 is operated by` hand, and thus to ensure the chain movingthe piston. The hydraulic device is supplied with pressure-fluid from apressure-tube 25, whichy tube inthe embodiment shownin Fig.- 1 turnsupon thetilting pivot 37 of the body, the tilting-pivotf37 being mountedon the chassis 39. Iii-fthe device is mounted on the oscillatablerear-boardof-a rigidly xed non-tiltable truck-body, the pressureiiuid issupplied through a tube passingthrough the axis of the-rear-board. Inlthe embodiment shown in Figs. 1-5, P designates the pump and B theyreservoir for the pressure-fluid.'v The pressure-fluid is passedthrough pressure-tube 25 into a steering-box 40, and when thecontrol-valve 27 is opened runs back through pipe 26 `into the reservoirB. As soon as control-valve 27 is moved to the right by thecontrol-lever 28, and the ,flow

. through pipe 26 is thus stopped, the pressurefluid passesinto theannular chamber 41 of the .cylinder 15 and pushes the piston to theright,

thereby causing the refuse-container to be lifted. As soon as thecontrol-valve is opened and the pressure falls, the return movement iseffected,

first by means of springs 19and 20, and finally by spring 19.

In the embodiment shown inr Figs. 6 and 7 th recoil spring is absent,and the device insteadris worked entirely hydraulic-ally, the chain inthis, case being an endless one and conducted over a second chain-wheel11a. `.In this .arrangement the chain at that point is connected bymeans of a catch 29 with piston-rod 30 and piston 31. This piston movesinside a cylinder 32, said cylinder being closed and caulked at bothends, and the pressure-fluid being deliveredinto the space before andbehind the piston through two pressuretubes 33 and 34 respectively.Controlvalve 35 in this case is made double-seated, so that whencontrol-lever 36' is lifted, both chambers of the hydraulic cylinder aresupplied with the presy sure-duid and the piston is pushed forward tothe right, whereas when the control-lever 36 is in the extremepulled-over position, only the annular chamber is subjected to pressureand the piston 31 presses back the fluid through pipe 33 into thereservoir, whereby the piston moves to tainer, this being made possibleby the fact that the slit in the guide-rails 4 is open below and thusallows the rollers 7 to leave the slit; so that lever 3 may be liftedwithout lever 8 of the hydraulic device being in any way affected.

Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 4 particularly of the drawing of thisapplication, operation of the mechanism to provide a shaking of therefuse can for the purpose of dislodging any material sticking or frozento the sides is accomplished in the following manner. By closingthevalve 27 of the control mechanism governing the fluid pressure in theconduit 25, the pressure fluid enters the annular space 41 and shiftsthe piston 14 with its rod 13 to the right, and through theintermediation of `a chain 12, the chain wheel 11 is caused to operate.The operation of the chain wheel 11 which is keyed to the axle or shaft9 by means of a lever 8 fastened thereon, swings the container 1 upwardinto the position as shown in Figure 2. In this raised positionresulting from the connections involving the stop 17 and the springmembers as well as the chain 12, the spiral spring 19 is placed undertension as soon as the stop 21 abuts against the 'dog 18. In the extremeoperating position the auxiliary or supplemental spring 20 is likewiseunder tension. In the highest swinging position considerable potentialenergy is accumulated in both springs, -which upon the release ofpressure in the cylinder 15, will cause the oscillating arm 8 to quicklydrawback, carrying with it lthe bin. This is'preferably controlled bythe operation of thel valve and a by-pass' or a'relief thereupon. Toproperly laccomplish a repeated shaking operation the valve 27 is openand closed rapidly after the springshave been placed under ten- .'sion,and resulting therefrom is a rapid jerking back and forth of the bin,consequently eliminating any contents thereof which are frozen 'or stuckto the sides.

I claim:

1. In a refuse carrying vehicle, the combination of loading andunloading mechanism comprising a pivoted container holder, a hydraulicmotor arranged to operate said container about the pivot, potentialenergy means arranged to continuously urge said holder to loweredposition and arranged to operate with greater energy in a hydraulicmotor, a compound potential energy tainers into the body of a refusecollecting truck,

comprising a' tiltable container support, biasing means tending to movesaid support into normal position, power driven means for driving thesupport into tilted position against the force of said biasing means,means for retarding the return movement of `said support, `and controlmeans for said power driven means, said biasing means being arranged tomore rapidly overcome the retarding means in the tilted position of thesupport than in the intermediate positions whereby a shaking movement orrelatively rapid return movement of the support may be effected by saidcontrol means when in the tilted position.

4. A device for emptying refuse-collecting containers into the body of arefuse collecting truck, comprising a tiltable container support,biasing means for said support, retarding means for said support, andpower drvenmeans for tilting the support, said biasing means beingarranged to exert increased force in the tilted position of saidsupport, and control means for said power driven means, whereby throughthe operation of said control means andthe increased force of thebiasing means in the tilted position of the support, a shaking movementof the support in Asaid position and a more rapid return movement of thesupport may be effected.

5. A device for emptying refuse-collectingl containers into a tiltabletruck body, comprising a tiltable container-support and pressure-fluidoperating means therefor mounted as a unit on the tiltable truck body, atube'arranged about the pivotal axis of the body, and a pressurefluidsupply pipe for said operating means conducted through said tube.

6. A device for emptying refuse-collecting containers into the body of arefuse collecting truck, comprising a tiltable container supportarranged to tilt and support a container in emptying poa shakingmovement to the container when in the emptying position.

7. A device for emptying refuse-collecting containers into the body of arefuse collecting truck,

comprising a tiltable support arranged to tilt and support a containerin emptying position,

pressure-fluid operating means for tilting the container support intoemptying position, spring biasing means for said support comprising amain spring and a supplemental spring, said supplemental spring beingarranged to act only in the emptying positionof the support.

OTTO BALLERT.

